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Progressives Part 1 introduction. Motives, goals strategies...

Added Apr 01, 2020 •

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McElhaney talking about Progressives Part 1 introduction. Motives, goals strategies...

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hello and welcome to the history bunker as we like to call it today we're going to talk about the Progressive Era and how Crescent make a huge impact on the 20th century it's really important that you put the progressives in context in context to how it fits into the big part of American I'm sorry for the delay that's where I want to be so the first thing I want to do who is provide some kind of a graphic understanding in this is not ideal because I don't have a really good video or drawing program for this and so ideally I would have a chalkboard or something and I I'll write it on there at Etc I'm not sure how that's this isn't really going to work for a well but that's the way we got to do and I want to make sure this does work for you all right till the first thing is you hit you cannot understand the progressives and isolation and just this 1900 era you have to put it in context to what's going on I'm going to show you the the context 1865-1901 1920 1933 Etc so we have the first as the Gilded Age then you get the progressives then you get the Roaring Twenties and then you get what we call the New Deal okay so you can you follow this the Gilded Age this was a time of massive Industrial station this was a time of mass of Reform and this was a time of laissez-faire and this was a time of reform until you got reform form industry laissez-faire this is a time of laissez-faire also do again if you look at this and I'm really sorry this isn't done while we're going to but this is the best overview that you're going to Gap industrialization occurs 18th 6 5 to 1901 and in here we got all kinds of things to get immigration you get industrial ization you get the labor movement which is unions you get some reform efforts but very minimal it lots of corruption unit lots of immigration I don't know if I said that twice but get a huge massive amount of things going on here in this thing called the Gilded Age you have problems that arise because of the Gilded Age you get problems you follow problems in the Gilded Age is laissez-faire they don't care about regulations and what regulations they want government helping a business to have that is very friendly to business I have lots of influence in Government and so we get up major problems pollution poverty exploitation of the poor you get corruption in the cities in the and in the federal government so all of these things are bubbling here in this era known as the Gilded Age well in order to understand the progress you have to understand that the progressive where are reform movements and what we mean by the reform movement is they wanted to make laws to help improve American Society we call those reforms or regulations Etc but a big idea about the progressives was that they believed that government can help okay very important government can help laws help improve American society like regulations is so this was this is what's going to happen in this era now pacifically they're the lost that they're going to use in the regulations are going to address the problems of the Gilded Age problems created massive changes created in the Gilded Age and then the progressives were both by the way Democrats and Republicans they were not one party they were both Democrats and Republicans and they were wasp Americans white Anglo-Saxon and I wanted to see United States change fundamentally they wanted to to go back to an earlier age when things were better they want but they wanted government to be that instrument of reform I said capitalist will not reform because capitalist care about three things profit profit and profit and it's if that's all they care about are they going to voluntarily pay work provide safe working conditions are they going to make sure the product State they produce are safe and effective and do what they claim to do when there's a and of course the capitals would say no if I don't have to do anything I'm not going to do anything because that limits by profit and so the Progressive Era is this era from 19 1 to 1920 and then you get in the Roaring Twenties I'll just how it all fits together in the twenties you're going to go back to what we call a laissez-faire government and you're going to reduce these regulations or they're definitely not going to put new ones in in the twenties there all its three presidents and their all GOP presidents three GOP means grand old party . keep residents and so they're going to be anti-labor or you anti-union anti-regulation pro-business laissez-faire as much as possible and again you're going to see that three presidents Harding Coolidge and Lassie Herbert Hoover throughout the 1920s and then you get this other giant giant issue is that you get another Reform movement another reform era call the New Deal that is the the they're the next phase of reformers of the New Deal FDR the President Franklin Delano Roosevelt is responsible for the New Deal and so what you're going to say is the New Deal the progressive have common elements you're also going to see the Gilded Age and the Roaring Twenties have common element means is that in the big picture in American history UC look for Trends look for massive changes and so what we see the Gilded Age there changes we see in the Progressive Era there's changes and then we go back back in the Gilded in the Progressive Era to the changes of the Gilded Age and then you go to the New Deal and then to deal is a massive Reform movement so I hope that I hope you understand that please ask question if you do have difficulty all right let's get going so Progressive Era what do you need to know the first is what are the origins of the progressives and the short answer is the progressive started at 19th century they started the 19th century late 19th 1890s with people wanting to reform we have this group known as did Rangers come in power are not in the in the in the rural areas especially in say Midwest texts Kansas Missouri tons of farmers there so those were early reformers known as the Grangers and I'm so sorry I cannot write on this very well anyway the Grangers wanted government intervention so the progressives were these wasp white Anglo-Saxon Protestant middle-class white Americans who didn't like what was going on in the Gilded Age poverty there was pollution there is corruption etcetera and they want to reform things and that's really who the progressives are that and that's again their Origins again their attitudes are that Society is prom attic and we need to improve it so their motives also they want to improve American society and fundamental about their attitude though and this you got to get down the attitudes and motives are government intervention intervention and I am so sorry this is such a bad writing a government they say that the only entity that is powerful enough 2 impact the massive wealth and the power of the Phyllis and the capitalists in the trust and the corporations is for government to step in they won't do it on their own but with government can force them to reform be better do better for America muckrakers are going to be a journalist newspaper reporters who are exposing the negative aspects of industrialization there's going to be a list of them that you have to know this term was Point by Theodore Roosevelt was one of the most important members of the Progressive Movement another concept that you'll study or you should know Social Gospel weed study that in industrial are ranked in the Gilded Age is where we really focus on that but the Social Gospel is a concept that white middle-class America wasp people English white Anglo-Saxon Protestants again said it is at your Christian duty to help the poor your Christian duty to help the poor is the message of Social Gospel it's so you have people like Jane Addams in Elizabeth Walden New York Shane at Jane Adams in Chicago whole house you have to make sure you know that one they really reflect this concept of social gospel that connects to other Parts in American history early on I like the Second Great Awakening and the first and second Great Awakening which you have to know also so moving on so Social Gospel Aid to the poor Lakers exposed the problems of industrialization Municipal reforms State reforms and National reforms in again this is the tiered levels of American of different areas that there were problems in the Gilded Age Municipal mean City stay the course to stay at the national means the Federal government so you're going to see laws at the city level at the state level in at the federal level and your job is to know which is which would be able to differentiate what were the reforms why did they these particular reforms and then how they got past and then what good did it do on on all three levels your job is to make sure you can understand all those political suffrage one of the strategies and I'm so sorry I cannot write on this one of the strategies that the muckraker or shoes me the progressives used is small d they want to increase democracy strategy of ink recent democracy why to limit corruption or and Corruption I'm so sorry by the way you should be writing down notes on everything I'm saying if you're not taking notes then you're really not going to get much out of this I recommend you print out the the PowerPoint with should attached to the web page and follow along and in right down as much of this as you can so you can process of theirs many memory techniques to use and this just watching is not going to work so make sure your thinking you can ask questions try to send questions and if you can and but do get these messages cuz it's much easier when we put it all together so the concept is democracy can and Corruption will how the idea behind the progressives were more people making decisions reduces the ability of corruption you guys understand what we're talking about corruption I'm sure I have money I want a favor law or I don't want a lot enforce so I gave you the politician the money or the police officer or the senator or whoever the mayor and then you don't have to be accountable totally unequal that fundamentally corrupt corrupt in this there was a huge amount of corruption in the United States at this time so we have social and economic regulation also that's another strategy to say okay if we have problems here how to reset all those problems we do it by democracy is a solution and government regulation of society mean social you're in the economy and the progressives did social legislation economical legislation which are all known as regulations and your job will be to know all of us at least examples of each one of those examples of suffrage examples of social and economic regulation one of the issues you want to know about the progressives is that they were an alternative to socialism at this time Hillary's 1901 is really when this era starts at this time Marxism anarchism socialist movement was significantly it wasn't popular in terms of it wasn't a majority of people it was mostly union workers some immigrants brought these ideas over from Europe they were not widely accepted people how about them a little bit but they were not nobody really knew what socialism how it would work you had people agitating for it so but you do have the progressives were Americans who won to improve American society they were afraid of socialism they were afraid of Revolution and one of the main advocates for reform right so the idea is let's reform let's change slightly let's improve improve American society and that would avoid socialism do you dig you understand if we if we have a little bit of government Reventon and provide home can you provide somewhat better lives for the workers that they're not going to want to risk their lives for social Revolution or economic Revolution another thing in the in the progressives you got to pay attention who is Black America progressives were not civil rights Advocates African Americans are living under what is known as Jim Crow from the post-civil War era and if you look at the timeline and this is nothing to be proud of you have a civil war 1865 13th 14th 15th amendments you get so this who killed gilded.age 1901 1920-1930 S3 1941 19 48 1964. 265 so if you look at this we have the Gilded Age after the Civil War at the time of the Civil War weegy 1865 again more Fourteenth and Fifteenth Amendments were a little bit later you had 1865 the Gilded Age and reconstruction for that matter semester one will deal with those give reconstruction Gilded Age 13th 14th 15th amendment these were aimed at African Americans forgiving them right okay in the AP you got it you got it memorized as you got to know 13th is ending slavery 14th is civil equal treatment under the law and makes you a citizen if you're born in the country and then the 15 Amendment Voting Rights Act specifically You Can't Ban prevent people from voting based on race or previous servitude so these come out of the Civil War but what's going on here all the way through reconstruction ends at 1877 this whole are all the way to 1964 is called Jim Crow Jim Crow Jim Crow era 18650 way or 1965 a hundred years of virtually of discrimination legal institutional discrimination against African-Americans where they were wise widely prevented from voting they were in this whole area is called Jim Crow era tons of discrimination 65 and get the Voting Rights Act as part of the Civil Rights Act in 64 you get the the Civil Rights Act which is about desegregation you can't discriminate based on race in public accommodations Etc 64th and voting rights in 65 now the reason I'm putting this all together is that there is no virtually no civil rights development by the government the United States for a hundred years after the Civil War 13th 14th 15th amendment reconstruction you do have civil rights for black but after that it is widespread prevention in Jim Crow famous South where 99% of the blacks blacks were living in the South until World War one then they start moving out of the South but the point is right for being denied so in this era we need to look at what's going on with black America Booker T Washington w e b DuBois and Marcus Garvey now garvey's in the twenties and we'll briefly touch on him we do know there's changes for African-Americans there's lots of change the first big change is called The Great Migration African Americans moving out of the South up into the northern cities 1916 when the Americans are preparing for war and there's lots of industrial growth because of World War 1 and trading with the Allies African Americans will move out of the South into the northeastern cities we call that Great Migration other civil rights issues w e b Dubois will create what is known as the end of AA CP really I could write better on this I'm so sorry so w e b Dubois creates the NAACP after 1901 again that's really important for you to know so make sure by the end of our discussion that you know it so we got the origins you got Municipal State and National reforms you have why it's an alternative is socialism Black America something you need pay attention but that's not all let's look at this women women's role is going to change drastically at the end of the nineteenth and early Twentieth Century not 100% of course baby not 50% but you do have this growth in women being educated women working in the mainstream Workforce even though we know they have always done that and then finally the big big story with women is the 19th Amendment which is women's suffrage so totally you have to know that we got to talk about the first president who is the progressive who who stood up for reforms is Theodore Roosevelt he puts on his program known as the square deal yet you must know what the square deal is and how it works and what what are examples of it and just really short is that they are trying to add at the trust we talked about the trust in the Gilded Age Of Trust basically are massive corporations that own other corporations and control extreme amounts of Finance are monopolies fundamentally one more fun fact about Roosevelt and what makes him a progressive is his role in conservation protecting creating the national national parks creating a forestry service setting aside land that can't be abused and used and exploited by corporate and business interests and again his his view is if we don't the government doesn't step in to protect these resources capitalism will destroy them in in overwhelm them okay keeping going Taft is the second president in the Progressive Era TR as he is known to you is Theodore Roosevelt he starts 1901 tonight Taino 8 he will talk about how he gets in office and things of that that event nature wait we got tap shows up who is a good buddy of Roosevelt he is from 1908 really 09 but to 1912 and then 1912 you get with Woodrow Wilson and his programs called New Freedom 1912 to 1920 okay so make sure you know those again tab is going to have a a very mix approach he'll be more conservative if he'll be more laissez-faire you'll support business a little bit more than Roosevelt but still considered a progressive I like I don't want to confuse you just know Roosevelt is the big Progressive Wilson is a much bigger Progressive than Roosevelt half is a baby baby microscopic Progressive where I would say microscope but it's just very he's limited compared so when you think of progressive presents you got to think of Roosevelt and you got to think of Wilson and again Wilson's going to be advocates for lower tariff government regulation of the banks and of course Antitrust Act laws Etc I want to transition now that's an overview and I'm going to do one more thing cuz I don't want to make these too long but let's look at this list of key terms here now this is in the documents section of resources on the website key terms you got to know if you know each one of these terms then you everything you need to know pretty much not just minimally you should know on a level of five main ideas for each one or how they fit into the big picture again as soon as I can draw and make graphic organizers will be much easier but I recommend that you do make those graphic organizers so I recommend you repeat the wctu Carrie Nation the muckrakers McClure's Ida Tarbell Lincoln staff Upton Sinclair the jungle Supreme Court political reforms initiative referendum recall women's issues this is kind of neat that they are categorized a bit here that's the main category category so again suffragette Susan B Anthony Ellis Paul Carrie Chapman Catt these all are fit together this all fit together McKinley assassinated Theodore Roosevelt becomes president because of McKenzie's McKinley's assassination against Square Deal is TR Theodore Roosevelt program conservation goes to tr and then Taft has separate Administration you get the election of 1912 that's when we get the Bull Moose Party these two were connected blackamericaweb all this relates to Black America so we're going to make sure we cover all of that and again these are some laws that were passed red railroad regulation see the r Army's railroad railroad railroad Etc these are all progressives this is TR puts this in place TR does the Pure Food and Drug that's important Food and Drug castration that was TR also and it's also related to tr to Upton Sinclair and to the Jungle so hopefully you'll be able to connect all of these Concepts together Wilson now let's look at Wilson Wilson all of these 1 2 3 and 4 for not one not two not three but four constitutional amendments are passed Underwood Wilson's Administration now not all due to him for sure but he supported them even women's vote he eventually support in the beginning he didn't support women but eventually he does lastly one of the other mode really important pieces of legislation Wilson gets done as the Clayton Antitrust Act we're basically it's it's a really powerful law to to destroy the truss into expand equality of treatment in the business Place business world so we'll look we're going to explain all of that this is just your overview again Woodrow Wilson is responsible I'll Trade Commission the Federal Reserve System and federal income taxes all of these are going to be in Wilson Administration well that's our introduction for today and I hope this is very used let's see transition let's get out of this a bit let's have a little exit music so I hope you understand these are the Big Ideas very for it look at the reading handouts I give you with the study guides that are attached get yourself a really good book and this could all come out in the in the books if you really want to understand it you got to try to read all right well I'm out at the moment so let's go back to this thank you so much 4 tuning in and thanks again for shooting in and you know being part of this course please email me if you have any issues or questions all right have a great day bye bye

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Progressives Part 1 introduction. Motives, goals strategies...

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