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Cognition/Memory Part 1

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McElhaney talking about Memory

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hello welcome back this is AP Psychology High School today when I talk about memory we're part of the cognition unit we've you've been reading about it this is by the way day 5 of the virus quarantine shut down soap trying to go through the minimum memory materials for the kids so that they can have them in sight I've already read it and they've already process of the textbook and I'm going to reinforce with the extra disgusting hopefully you guys this will be helpful to first I want to go back to the website and show you again how to get to and you do a Google search punching my last name mcelhaney and basically this will come up m c e l h a and then I want you to go to cognition memory cognition and intelligence right here that's where it's going to be all of the documents these are a lot of notes is all the power this one is called Baby memory memory chapter 9 memory new okay so open that and then also you have all kinds of notes and outlines memory I want to show you men cognition items for review see you click on that one cognition test review right there and this isn't another study guide It's talked about memory topics and if there's anything in here that we don't cover you're responsible for all of it most of it pretty good you can always ask a question and it will answer it memory memory memory cognitive Maps cognitive cognition stuff this is all intelligence that you basically be very familiar with and in again more cognition about the brain functions cognitively so between this this presentation and tomorrow we'll have another one you should be very very familiar with a car cognitive materials alrighty one more funds saying let's go to is that there are changes in the AP exam and this is strictly for AP psych these are the only ones because of the because of the problems this is the only chapters or sections that they're going to test according to the College Board news released today and so that means that you don't need to worry about a boy or social we already did social sorry let's sew in we do have time to do all of it we're finishing cognitions in this weekend the reading should be motivation and emotion and I'll come to that and we can show you where it is on the website if you need help but it is totally there so make sure you look at motivation emotion is our next section okay so let's move forward today I want to go through memory definition of memory and how its dual processing how it relates to encoding storage and retrieval and that is a three-part System since remember short-term memory long-term memory memory processing model and then strategies for that particular model of memory processing very easy and then lastly rehearsal memory in the brain or bio stuff electroconvulsive convulsive therapy episodic me semantic memory long-term memory strategies and that should be pretty much most of the memory things we need but will you come back and review that main idea sheet to make sure we do get all of it remember memory is it really active process What's significant about this is that your brain is fundamentally active when it's processing all of this material we have different types of Maria shorter alter memory sometimes we hold memory in this neither world and we need to attend to it nor forget it it's kind of interesting how that works we have problems with memory I got to look at why we forget or usually it's a problem with storage recovered memories about you old age having a premonition or feeling a it happened and you suddenly recover this memory that have been lost for so long those are problematic lots of people have new issues with kind of recovered memories Loftus has is the expert on that one we talked about that in class but we're going to reinforce it and then other strategies like pneumonic can improve your memory Soul memory is an active system that receives stores and organizes sometimes it alters and then it can recover information and what that means is that how memory is active we are processing all this information in our brain reaction of physiological way for every experience there's a new synapse or a connection is being made and that is facing me the biologic memory that it is stored in a piece of tissue in in a sentence there's a lot of elements to it what stimulates we would also call memory learning that persists over time when we encode something it deals with how we receive it and store it so get in coding is changing that experience into a neural impulse something that can be understood in the brain is part of the encoding process again and coding is how we're processing The Experience into a neural connection and how that relates to the storage of that experience in the cortex very complicated recall or bring that information into the car Ernest from the storage in the memory there's a lot of processing we call parallel processing or dual processing we process a lot of information simultaneously that's all that just like it our vision sensors we can see your motion and we can see outline and we can see color in etc those are called parallel processing it's how our memory is multiple process we heat we process information through sound and sight taste smell Etc and so all these processes are going on and they're all related to memory we're going to talk about sensory memory short-term memory and then long term memory sensory memory is any kind of Sensation that you get can be any of your five senses or any kind of stimuli that you perceive has to be transduce and what that is we've already talked about this in sensation perception unit is that the accessory organs take you to the energy the wave energy so like vision is wave energy or sound is wave energy we processed those ways in transport into a neural signal we call that transduction you transduce all of the stimuli anything that you're aware of is being transduced probably things are not really aware of are also being transduced things that are part of the sensory environment and we are going to have to change it into a neural impulse would use Trend again transduction the process of changing energy stimulus to format can be processed by the nervous system that's a neural impulse for example in the retina is where we have the rods in the cones and that's where they transduce light energy so again we got our short-term or sensory and our short-term and then our long-term memory think of it as file cabinets this is also relates to the schema Theory to look at how this work you have these different storage areas right when we get information and I wish I could draw this but when you get information you filter it and then it gets stored somewhere you get it so it goes from the awareness here to the short-term memory here but you can't see that little cursor now for the short-term and then if it if it's something interesting we've filed in our schema SCH e m add schema what this means is this is how we store information for example over here is information about how to drive a car over here is information about how to write an essay here is your history information psychology information so we sorted through our short-term memory and then it goes into the appropriate area for storage this is called the encoding system short against sensory short-term and then if it's meaningful if it's meaningful if it's trigger some importance to you then it gets stored into the long-term here's another one sensory memory not attended to its forgot how many times do you hear a siren could you count the number of times you hear a siren a day if you're walking in San Diego well you could if you pay attention to it but if you won't remember it unless you pay that's where I get this Collective memory Falls in also so since remember I hear something it's something I've noticed it's a fire engine siren and so it's in my short-term memory I notice it but I'm not going to cross the street I noticed it but it's across the street well I remember next week about this no you probably won't if it's some reason have to pay attention to it then that's what makes it go into the long term memory again sensory to pay attention to it short-term if you still pay attention to it and it becomes meaning for some reason and you can recall you can recall it hope you understand this is basically the elements of it a lot of your sensory most of your sensory doesn't make it to the store and definitely is is forgotten most of it from the short-term and if it does make it into the store Trump hope that makes sense all right against short-term memory is working memory of its Collective attention again you hear things all the times you pay attention to him or not it don't doesn't get processed if you're not paying attention to we encode it it's Etc short-term memory is very brief like a phone number shopping list a percentage on a scale and it's not meaningful it's not attended to that it it's simply disintegrates and disappears from your short-term memory just like when you are trying to remember a telephone number and someone interrupts you that's called interference right that can be a problem transitioning from your short-term to long-term telephone numbers extremely difficult to remember when you're in your short-term memory if you process of a little bit you can remember it that's what chunking does like telephone number telephone number by chunking it into smaller pieces instead of seven or eight nine numbers by themselves make it only four numbers are three numbers it's called choking you could rehearse it text and repeat it five times eight six seven five three oh nine eight six seven five three oh nine is a telephone number that you saw in the Sun show me that song 86-75 309 anyway big deal and then the other one again and connections is always tested there is 7 bits for your long-term excuse me short-term memory if you have a really good short-term memory have nine pin short-term memory can do 9 most of us can barely do 7:00 American what helps us is chunking basically putting the numbers together in small or topics together ins in all right like 8675 865 8675 there's an example of chunking 867-586-7054 numbers noopept remember to and then rehearsal is again just repeating repeating repeating these are short-term memory strategies will come back to elaborate rehearsal we'll come back to that long-term memory let's look at brain areas long-term memory first of all the cortex the outer layer of the brain is where to store memory the hippocampus which I'm going to show you the example of is where you process the memories that's it looks like the week all those the seahorses are the hippocampus and they are located underneath the sound within the limbic system where information from the body is processed and then so it goes through the limbic system to the cortex where it's stored everything you know goes into your long-term memory in the cortex meaningful information gets processed in the long-term memory the more you know the easier it is to add to Memories fun fact related to schema Theory when when you put this you categorize information in the more connections a new piece of information has the better it is the easier it is to retrieve are the easier it is to remember we'll come back to that when we get to scheme up remind me to draw a picture of schema Tina schema since I can't draw on this newspaper until we get all this worked out all right let us stop for a minute and come back to memory

Uploaded by Patrick McElhaney.

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Cognition/Memory Part 1

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